Citations & FormattingTopic #7 of 10

APA Style Guide

Basics of American Psychological Association (APA) formatting and citation style.

The American Psychological Association (APA) style is commonly used in social sciences, education, and psychology.

General Format

  • Font: Times New Roman (12 pt) or accessible fonts like Arial (11 pt).
  • Spacing: Double-spaced throughout.
  • Margins: 1 inch on all sides.
  • Header: Page number in the top right corner. Student papers usually don't need a running head.

In-Text Citations

  • Parenthetical: (Author, Year) -> (Smith, 2023)
  • Narrative: Author (Year) -> Smith (2023) argues that...
  • Direct Quote: Include page number -> (Smith, 2023, p. 15)

References Page

  • Label: "References" centered at the top.
  • Order: Alphabetical by author's last name.
  • Hanging Indent: First line flush left, subsequent lines indented 0.5 inches.

Examples

Book: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. Publisher.

Journal Article: Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx